Horizontal cracking in walls can be caused by a variety of factors, some of which may be structural. Here are some common causes of horizontal cracking in walls:
- Settlement: If a building is built on unstable soil, it can cause the foundation to settle unevenly, resulting in horizontal cracks in the walls.
- Load bearing: If the walls are not designed to support the weight of the building or the load placed on it, it can cause horizontal cracking.
- Movement: If the building or the foundation is experiencing movement, such as from expansion or contraction, it can cause horizontal cracking in the walls.
- Weather: Extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain, high winds, or temperature fluctuations can cause horizontal cracking in the walls.
- Age: As a building ages, the materials used in construction can deteriorate, which can cause horizontal cracking in the walls.
- Improper construction: If the walls were not constructed properly, such as not enough reinforcement, or not following the correct building codes, it can cause horizontal cracking.
- Deflection: Horizontal cracking can also occur due to the deflection of the load bearing walls or beams due to excessive load, or due to the inadequate reinforcement and the lack of proper support.
It is important to note that not all horizontal cracks in walls are structural in nature, but it is always recommended to consult a structural engineer or a building surveyor to properly identify the cause of the cracks and determine if they are structural or not, and if they need repairs. Horizontal cracking is considered to be more severe than other types of cracking, as it can indicate a serious structural problem.
